Boala Meniere - Simptome si tratament
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Urmărește-ne pe Discover
Boala Maniare este o afectiune a urechii interne care produce vertij, hipoacuzie (slabirea acuitatii auzului) si tinitus. Aceste episoade dureaza intre 20 de minute si 4 ore. Hipoacuzia si tinitusul se accentuează in momentul aparitiei starii de ameteala.
In boala Meniare modificarile de presiune si volum ale endolimfei labirintice afecteaza functionarea urechii interne.
Boala Meniere - Cauze
- Sifilis
- Leucemia
- Otita medie
- Traumele craniene
- Migrene
- Tulburari vasculare
- Alergii
- Intoxicatii cu alcool, plumb, tutun
- Drenaj anormal al lichidului
- Raspuns imun (imunitatea) anormal
- Predispozitii genetice.
Boala Meniere - Simptome
- atacuri de virtej brusc instalate, care dureaza pana la 24 de ore, si de obicei asociate de greata si varsaturi
- in stadiile avansate de evolutie, unii pacienti prezinta, in perioada dintre crize, permanentizarea unor simptome, precum pierderi de echilibru sau tensiune permanenta in urechea interna. La 50% dintre pacienti este afectata o singura ureche.
- tinitusul - constant sau intermitent
Boala Meniere - Tratament
- regimul hiposodat, evitarea alcoolului si cofeinei si administrarea unui diuretic, aceste masuri cputand fi utile pentru prevenirea vertijului.
- tratamentul episodului acut vizeaza ameliorarea simptomatologiei. Este folosita terapia de reabilitare vestibulara si se utilizeaza o combinatie medicamentoasa cu rolul de a diminua vertijul, greata si varasaturile.
- gentamicina administrata intratimpanal (labirintectomia chimica) poate fi folosita atunci cand tratamentul medicamentos nu da rezultate. Se recomanda sa se faca urmarirea evolutiei tratamentului prin audiograme repetate pentru a distinge hipoacuzia de cohleotoxicitate. Injectia poate fi repetata la 4 saptamini daca persista vertijul fara hipoacuzie.
- chirurgia, cu rol de a scadea presiunea din urechea interna sau cu rol de a distruge urechea interna sau nervul vestibular, astfel incat impusurile legate de echilibru sa nu se mai transmita catre creier.
